Seaborgium (Sg, Z = 106): atomic energy levels
No energy level diagram can be drawn for neutral seaborgium: no excited level of the atom has been measured, so there is no observed transition to show. This page lists what is known instead, and marks every calculated number as theory.
What has been measured
No atomic-physics measurement. Only chemistry with single atoms: liquid-phase (oxo)halide studies and gas-phase adsorption chromatography of volatile compounds.
| Quantity | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Ground configuration | [Rn] 5f14 6d4 7s2 theory | NIST Atomic Spectra Database, Ground States and Ionization Energies table (retrieved 2026-10-02), row Sg I (also data/nist/Sg_I_levels.tsv) |
| Ground term | 5D0 theory | B.G.C. Lackenby, V.A. Dzuba, V.V. Flambaum, Phys. Rev. A 99, 042509 (2019), arXiv:1902.06819v2, p. 12-13 Tables III-IV; NIST Atomic Spectra Database, Ground States and Ionization Energies table (retrieved 2026-10-02) |
| First ionisation energy | 7.8 ± 0.5 eV theory | NIST Atomic Spectra Database, Ground States and Ionization Energies table (retrieved 2026-10-02), row Sg I |
| Longest-lived isotope | 269Sg, half-life 5 ± 2 min | NUBASE2020: F.G. Kondev, M. Wang, W.J. Huang, S. Naimi, G. Audi, Chin. Phys. C 45, 030001 (2021), machine-readable table nubase_4.mas20.txt, line for 269Sg |
Calculated transitions from the ground state
Theory only: none of these lines has been observed. Wavelengths are converted from the calculated level energies.
| Lower level | Upper level | Energy (cm⁻¹) | λ vacuum (nm) | Type | A (s⁻¹) theory | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6d4 7s2 5D0 (ground) | 6d3 7s2 7p, J=1 odd (state 14) | 24382 | 410.1 | E1 | 1.34e+07 | B.G.C. Lackenby, V.A. Dzuba, V.V. Flambaum, Phys. Rev. A 99, 042509 (2019), arXiv:1902.06819v2, p. 12-13 Tables III-IV (energy) and p. 14 Table V (rate) |
| 6d4 7s2 5D0 (ground) | 6d3 7s2 7p, J=1 odd (state 51) | 40073 | 249.5 | E1 | 1.19e+07 | B.G.C. Lackenby, V.A. Dzuba, V.V. Flambaum, Phys. Rev. A 99, 042509 (2019), arXiv:1902.06819v2, p. 12-13 Tables III-IV (energy) and p. 14 Table V (rate) |
| 6d4 7s2 5D0 (ground) | 6d3 7s2 7p, J=1 odd (state 25) | 30868 | 324.0 | E1 | 6.97e+06 | B.G.C. Lackenby, V.A. Dzuba, V.V. Flambaum, Phys. Rev. A 99, 042509 (2019), arXiv:1902.06819v2, p. 12-13 Tables III-IV (energy) and p. 14 Table V (rate) |